Exploring Archetypes in Creative Writing

In storytelling, archetypes are like universal templates that writers use to create characters, actions, and situations that feel familiar to readers. These archetypes are deeply rooted in human nature and represent common patterns and themes that we all can relate to.

Understanding Archetypes

Think of archetypes as the basic building blocks of storytelling. They're characters and situations that we've seen over and over again in myths, legends, and stories throughout history. They tap into our shared experiences and emotions, making them instantly recognizable and relatable.

The Power of Archetypes

When we talk about archetypes, there’s a wide range of lists out there, each with its own unique approach. However, one of the most influential lists comes from Carl Jung, a pioneer in psychology who explored the depths of human behavior and thought.

SN: Like many influential thinkers, Jung’s work and personal beliefs have faced criticism and sparked debate. I find him more than a little problematic for several reasons:

Work from Jung’s early career contains cultural and racial biases. Some of his writings reflect Eurocentric perspectives and include generalizations about different cultures and races that are now outdated and prejudiced. Also, his theories about gender, including his concepts of the anima and animus, reinforce traditional gender roles and stereotypes. These ideas are limiting and do not adequately account for the diversity of gender identities and expressions.

Jung's personal life and professional relationships have also been a source of controversy. His early relationship with Sigmund Freud, which ended in a dramatic split, and his alleged extramarital affairs have drawn attention and criticism. Additionally, some of his interactions with patients have been scrutinized for ethical reasons.

Despite these criticisms, Jung's exploration of the unconscious, archetypes, and the process of individuation, have had a profound and lasting impact. 

Jung’s archetypes delve into universal patterns that shape our understanding of ourselves and the world around us. Among his famous archetypes are the Hero, representing courage and the journey of self-discovery, the Shadow, symbolizing our hidden and often repressed aspects, the Wise Old Man or Woman, embodying wisdom and guidance, and the Trickster, known for challenging norms and creating change through unconventional means.

Joseph Campbell, a scholar of mythology, built upon Jung’s work with his Hero’s Journey archetypes. These include the Mentor, who offers guidance to the hero, the Threshold Guardian, testing their resolve, the Shadow, reflecting inner conflicts, and other pivotal characters in the hero’s quest.

In addition to Jung and Campbell, the major arcana of Rider-Waite-Smith tarot cards also offer a rich tapestry of archetypes. These archetypes are not only used for divination but also serve as powerful symbols in storytelling and character development.

For example, the Fool represents innocence, new beginnings, and taking risks. The Magician embodies mastery, potential, and harnessing the elements. The High Priestess signifies intuition, mystery, and hidden knowledge. The Empress embodies nurturing, abundance, and creativity, while the Emperor represents authority, structure, and leadership.

Moving through the major arcana, we encounter archetypes like the Lovers, symbolizing harmony, choices, and partnerships, the Hermit, representing introspection, solitude, and inner wisdom, and the Chariot, embodying determination, control, and victory.

So, why is Jung’s list the most commonly used? Well, it’s comprehensive and covers a broad spectrum of human experiences and motivations. These archetypes resonate across cultures and time periods, making them invaluable tools for understanding characters, motivations, and the deeper layers of our psyche. Whether we’re exploring mythology, psychology, or storytelling, Jung’s archetypes – along with those from tarot and other sources – continue to shape how we perceive ourselves and the narratives we create.

Archetypes have a unique power to evoke emotions and create depth in stories. When you use archetypes in your writing, you're drawing on these universal themes and characters that people connect with on a deep level. They help you structure your narrative, develop compelling characters, and convey complex ideas in a way that resonates with readers.

How to Use Archetypes in Your Writing 

Start by identifying the key themes or messages you want to explore in your story. Then, choose archetypes that align with these themes and develop detailed character profiles for each archetype. Integrate them seamlessly into your narrative to add depth and resonance.

A Practical Exercise for Writers

Try creating a character who embodies the Hero archetype, going on a journey guided by a Mentor. Think about how these archetypes interact and what challenges they face along the way. This exercise can help you see firsthand how archetypes enhance your storytelling.

1. Define the Hero Archetype: Start by defining your Hero character. What makes them a Hero? Think about their qualities such as bravery, resilience, and a strong sense of purpose. Consider their background, motivations, and what drives them to embark on this journey.

2. Outline the Journey: Sketch out the journey your Hero will undertake. What challenges will they face along the way? These challenges could be physical, emotional, or moral dilemmas that test their character and resolve. Create a roadmap of key events and milestones in their journey.

3. Introduce the Mentor: Now, introduce your Mentor character. This could be an experienced guide, teacher, or wise figure who offers guidance, advice, and support to the Hero. Consider the Mentor’s background, knowledge, and the role they play in shaping the Hero’s path.

4. Explore the Mentor-Hero Dynamic: Dive into the relationship between the Mentor and the Hero. How do they interact? What lessons does the Mentor impart to the Hero? How does the Hero respond to this guidance? Think about the growth and development that occurs as a result of this dynamic.

5. Create Conflict and Obstacles: Every good story needs conflict. Introduce challenges and obstacles that the Hero and Mentor must overcome together. This could include external threats, inner conflicts, or moral dilemmas that test their bond and abilities.

6. Show Growth and Transformation: As the journey progresses, showcase the growth and transformation of both the Hero and the Mentor. How do they evolve as characters? What lessons do they learn from each other? Highlight moments of realization, self-discovery, and personal development.

7. Reflect on Archetypal Influence: Finally, step back and reflect on how these archetypes of the Hero and Mentor enhance your storytelling. Notice how their interactions, challenges, and growth contribute to the depth and impact of your narrative. This exercise helps you understand firsthand the power of archetypes in creating compelling characters and engaging stories.

Archetypes are powerful tools that can transform your writing by tapping into universal truths and emotions. By understanding and using archetypes effectively, you can create stories that resonate deeply with readers and stand the test of time. Experiment with different archetypes, explore their nuances, and watch how they breathe life into your characters and narratives.

Happy writing!
xo, Tasha